Iranian Hackers Maintain 2-Year Access to Middle East CNI via VPN Flaws and Malware

An Iranian state-sponsored threat group has been attributed to a long-term cyber intrusion aimed at a critical national infrastructure (CNI) in the Middle East that lasted nearly two years.
The activity, which lasted from at least May 2023 to February 2025, entailed “extensive espionage operations and suspected network prepositioning – a tactic often used to maintain persistent access for future